Decree 104/2025/NĐ-CP: Laying the Groundwork for E-Notarization in Vietnam

Roadmap for converting state notary offices

A key highlight of the decree is the roadmap for converting or dissolving state-run Notary Offices based on their financial self-sufficiency. By the end of 2026, 2027, and 2028 respectively, these offices must complete the transition into private Notary Offices or be dissolved. Provincial People’s Committees are tasked with drafting and approving transition plans suitable for local conditions.

Flexible models for Notary Offices

The new decree allows Notary Offices to operate as private enterprises or partnerships, giving greater flexibility and expanding the types of legal entities that can provide notarial services across the country.

Breakthrough in e-notarization

One of the most transformative aspects of Decree 104 is the introduction of e-notarization. Electronic notarized documents can now be created using digital signatures, timestamps, and QR codes to ensure authenticity and data security.

E-notarization can be performed directly for all civil transactions. Online e-notarization is also permitted, with the exception of wills and unilateral transactions, which remain restricted to protect legal safety.

Stricter requirements for facilities and personnel

Converted Notary Offices must meet stricter requirements for office premises, including adequate space, fire safety, and record-keeping standards. Transition or dissolution plans must be specific, consult notaries and staff, and be approved by provincial authorities.

Strategic move for integration

The decree applies not only to domestic notaries but also to Vietnamese diplomatic and consular officials abroad, as well as related organizations and individuals. This broad scope reinforces Vietnam’s commitment to international integration in notarial practices.

Experts believe the decree addresses long-standing bottlenecks and paves the way for widespread adoption of e-notarization. By reducing costs, speeding up procedures, and increasing transparency in civil transactions, the regulation is seen as a foundation for building a modern public administration and advancing Vietnam’s digital economy.

Decree 104/2025/NĐ-CP is expected to play a pivotal role in safeguarding the legal rights of citizens and businesses while positioning Vietnam’s notarial system closer to international standards.